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Longitudinal arm suspension is a type of independent suspension system where the wheel moves in the longitudinal plane of the vehicle. This design allows for controlled movement and better handling characteristics. There are two main types: single longitudinal arm and double longitudinal arm suspensions.

A single longitudinal arm suspension, also known as a trailing arm suspension, is typically used on non-steering wheels due to its limitations. When the wheel moves up and down, it causes significant changes in the caster angle, which can affect the stability and steering response. Because of this, it is not commonly used on the front wheels that are responsible for steering.

In contrast, a double longitudinal arm suspension consists of two arms of equal length that form a parallel four-bar linkage. This configuration ensures that the caster angle remains relatively constant during vertical wheel movement, providing more consistent handling and improved ride quality. Due to its superior performance, the double longitudinal arm suspension is often used on the front wheels of vehicles, especially in performance and luxury models.

This type of suspension is particularly beneficial in maintaining tire contact with the road surface, enhancing both comfort and safety. It is widely used in modern vehicles where precise control and stability are essential. Understanding the differences between these two systems helps in choosing the right suspension setup based on the vehicle's purpose and driving conditions.