Deluge sprinkler systems are designed to automatically open the deluge valve, which allows water to flow into the piping network and activate the sprinklers. This system can be triggered through several different mechanisms, depending on the application and design requirements.
One common method is the use of a fusible link cable device. When the temperature rises due to a fire, the fusible element melts, releasing the locking mechanism. This action causes the transmission valve to open, allowing water to drain from the system. As the pressure in the pipe network drops, the deluge valve is automatically activated. However, this method may not always be the most efficient, as it can sometimes result in delayed response or inconsistent performance.
Another option is a water-filled or air-charged drive tube system. In this setup, closed sprinkler nozzles act as temperature sensors. The drive tubes have a diameter of 25 mm for wet systems and 15 mm for dry systems. When one of the nozzles opens due to heat, water or air flows through the drive tube, causing a pressure drop. This pressure change triggers the automatic opening of the deluge valve. It's important that the drive pipe is installed above the deluge valve to ensure proper function. To prevent hydrostatic pressure from affecting the system’s responsiveness, the static pressure in wet drive pipes should not exceed one-quarter of the pressure before the deluge valve.
Additionally, an electric control system can be used, where fire detectors detect the presence of fire and send signals to activate the deluge valve. This method offers more precise and reliable triggering, especially in areas where rapid response is critical. Combining these methods can enhance the overall effectiveness and reliability of the deluge system.
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