At present, some use and maintenance personnel lack the necessary lubricant selection and knowledge, and the resulting early damage to the vehicle has occurred. In order to give full play to the role of high-quality lubricants and extend the service life of automobiles, the author summarized the use of eight bogey and analyzed them for reference.
a. Avoid using high viscosity lubricants. Many people mistakenly believe that the high viscosity oil can form a thick oil film on the choice of the viscosity of the lubricant, thus enhancing the lubrication effect and reducing the wear. In actual fact, high-viscosity lubricating oils have poor low-temperature startability and pumpability, and the oiling speed after start-up is slow, and wear will be aggravated. Experiments have shown that about two-thirds of the engine wear occurs during incomplete fluid lubrication during start-up. Therefore, in order to ensure reliable lubrication, lubricants of appropriate viscosity should be used.
b. Avoid randomly selecting alternative oil products. The correct choice of alternative oil products relates to engine dynamics, economy, and wear. At present, there are many users who choose to use alternative oil products more arbitrarily, and even long-term use of low-grade oil products instead of higher-grade oil products, which is very inappropriate. The substitution of oil products relates to the service life of the engine and should be carefully selected according to certain rules. One is the oil with the same viscosity grade, and the one with the highest quality level can replace the oil with the lower quality grade. Second, when the quality level is the same, the wide temperature can be used instead of the oil with narrow temperature. If 30SC oil is required, 10W/30SC oil can be used instead; 15W/40SD oil can be used when 30SD, 40SD or 20W/40SD oil is required. It should be noted that the use of substitute oils should always check the working condition of the engine oil.
c. Avoid use only to add no change. During the use of lubricating oil, the quality will gradually decrease due to pollution, oxidation, etc. At the same time, there will be some consumption, so that the number of lubricants will continue to add some new oil to the lubrication system, can only make up for the lack of quantity, but not completely Compensate for the loss of lubricating oil performance. As time goes on, the performance of lubricating oils will become worse and worse, causing serious consequences for the engine. In order to ensure long-term normal operation of the engine and reduce wear, all lubricants in the lubrication system must be promptly replaced when the oil reaches the end-of-life standard.
d. Avoid darkening the color of the lubricant as the main basis for replacing the lubricant. It is understood that many drivers see that the color of the lubricating oil has turned black and they think that the oil product has been seriously deteriorated, and its replacement will result in waste. For lubricating oils without clean dispersants, the darkening of the color during use is indeed a sign that the oil has been seriously deteriorated. However, the lubricants used in Hyundai Motors are generally provided with a clear dispersant. The purpose is to wash the adhesive film and black coke adhered to the piston and disperse it in the oil to reduce the generation of high-temperature deposits in the engine. After a period of use, the color tends to darken, but at this time the oil does not completely deteriorate. Whether the lubricating oil in use is seriously deteriorated and needs to be replaced should be determined mainly based on whether the physics and chemical index of the lubricating oil reaches the standard for scrapping. At present, most of the units used are lacking oil testing equipment and laboratory personnel. Therefore, some simple and rapid detection methods, such as filter paper spot test method, can be used to determine the change of oil quality when oil is used near the oil change period.
e. Avoid too much lubricating oil. Some drivers think that: Lubricating oil is a lubricating function, adding a little more, is beneficial to the engine, and can reduce the number of refueling and save time. It is true that the most important role of lubricating oil is to lubricate the machinery, reduce friction, and reduce wear. If the amount of oil is insufficient, it will accelerate the deterioration of the lubricating oil, and even cause burnout and abnormal wear of parts due to lack of oil. However, too much oil is not desirable, for two reasons: First, too much lubricating oil will enter the combustion chamber from the gap between the cylinder and the piston to form a coke, and the presence of coke increases the compression ratio of the engine accordingly. The tendency to knocking occurs; coke deposits in the cylinder are red hot and prone to premature combustion; deposits of carbon such as falling into the cylinder will increase the wear of the cylinder and the piston, and will also accelerate the contamination of the lubricant. The second is to increase the stirring resistance of the crankshaft connecting rod, so that the fuel consumption increases. Experiments show that when the fueling rate exceeds the standard 1%, the fuel consumption will increase by 1.2%. Therefore, in addition to the new car to ensure reliable cooling and cleaning during the initial driving period, some additional lubricants may be added. Other conditions must not be exceeded. Specified maximum dipstick scale.
f. Do not understand the structural characteristics of the engine select the oil. The structural characteristics of the engine determine the harsh conditions of the engine operating conditions, and it plays a decisive role in the selection of the quality level of the lubricant. For example, there are additional devices in the intake and exhaust systems of the gasoline engine, which will make the working conditions of the lubricant worsen. Use higher quality lubricants. For example, for gasoline engines without PCV (Crankcase Positive Pressure Ventilation), SC grade oil is selected, and after PCV is installed, SD grade oil is used. Similarly, EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation Unit) and catalytic converter are selected. Lubricant oils are upgraded to a quality level when they are not installed. Therefore, you must be familiar with the structural characteristics of the engine of your car before selecting the engine oil.
g. Avoid storage, mixing with water during use. The incorporation of moisture into the lubricating oil will not only hinder lubrication of rusted parts, but will also reduce the strength of the lubricating oil film, causing blister and emulsification deterioration of the lubricating oil. In severe cases, additives in the oil will decompose and precipitate and thus fail. Therefore, in the process of storage and use should be strictly mixed into the water, especially the use of steam heating lubricating oil vehicles in winter, special attention should be paid to check the heating equipment, keep it intact, with water vapor into the oil.
h. Avoid using poor quality counterfeit lubricants. The performance indicators of poor quality counterfeit lubricants fail to meet the requirements, which will affect normal use. Lighter ones will reduce the lubrication effect, increase wear and tear, increase fuel consumption, and severely cause mechanical accidents (such as burning tiles, pulling cylinders, etc.). Therefore, if it is found that a counterfeit counterfeit lubricant has been used, it should be immediately discontinued and the lubricating oil gallery cleaned.
When purchasing oil products, be cautious. At present, the lube oil market is relatively chaotic and quality levels are uneven. According to a market survey, inferior-quality counterfeit products accounted for a considerable proportion of the sales of lubricants (including imported oil products), and were mainly distributed in some medium-sized cities' oil products sales and auto parts retail outlets. Therefore, it is recommended that drivers buy as much as possible through the formal channels when purchasing oil products. Do not buy easily and cheaply.
• Materials:
o Conductor: Cat6 S/FTP stranded, 26AWG, 7x0.16, bare copper
o Insulation: polyethylene with color marking on white cores
o Shield: individual foil for each pair, with general ground wire
o Outer jacket and boots: PVC, CMX, CM, CMR, leaded and lead-free as well as LSZH versions are available
• Nominal outer diameter: 6.2 ±0.2mm
• Color code: BL/WH-BL, WH, GN/GN-WH or BR/BR-WH
• Cable colors: grey, others colors from RAL and Pantone are available
• Mechanical characteristics:
o Cable to plug tensile strength: 9kgsf (90n) minimum
o Minimum bending radius: 22mm
o Storage temperature: -20 to +80°C
o Durability: 750 mating cycles
o Plug housing: UL 94-V0, UL 94-V2 and polycarbonate
o Plug contact material: 50μ-inch gold plating over 100μ-inch nickel-plated copper alloy
o Fire performance: IEC 332.1, VW1, IEC 332.3 versions available depends on the jacket type
o Product length: 0.5 to 100m (optional)
• Electrical performance:
o Contact resistance: 20mΩ (maximum)
o Voltage: 75V (maximum)
o Dielectric strength: 1,000V/ 1 minute minimum RMS
o Current: 1.0A (maximum)
o Insulation resistance: 500MΩ minimum at 500V DC
o Performance test: 100% Patch Cord test for Cat6A, Cat6 and optional for Cat5E Patch Cord
• Certificates: ISO 9001:2001, ISO 14001, OHSAS 18001, UL and REACH
• RoHS Directive-compliant
• Packaging: 1 piece/bag
• Production capacity: 20,000 pieces/day
• Unit price: USD 1.5 to 5.0/piece
Cat6A Lan Cable, FTP Patch Cord, Cat6 Patch Cord
Ningbo Excellence Communicated Connector Co., Ltd , http://www.patchcordmaker.com